Which of the following is a primary source of funding for Army programs?

Government appropriations serve as a primary source of funding for Army programs because they are allocated by the federal government through legislative actions. This funding comes from the national budget, which is determined by Congress and enables the military to operate efficiently, maintain readiness, and support various programs aimed at national defense and security.

In contrast, private donations and sales revenue are generally not reliable or significant sources of funding for military operations, as the military primarily relies on government funding for its needs. Investment income, while it can provide some additional resources, is not a substantial or consistent source of revenue compared to direct government appropriations. This distinction underlines the critical role that government funding plays in sustaining Army programs and initiatives.